Amphotericin B

AmBisome®

Amphotericin B (Fungilin, Fungizone, Abelcet, AmBisome, Fungisome, Amphocil, Amphotec) is a polyene antifungal drug, often used intravenously for systemic fungal infections

• Amphotericin B (Abelcet)
• Amphotericin B (Ambisome)
• Amphotericin B (Fungizone)

Abilify® (aripiprazole)

Abilify®

WARNINGS: INCREASED MORTALITY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS and SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS

Aripiprazole (ay-ree-PIP-ray-zole) (sold as Abilify) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on November 15, 2002 for the treatment of schizophrenia, the sixth atypical antipsychotic medication of its kind. More recently it received FDA approval for the treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder, and as an adjunct for the treatment of depression.^[1]

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Codeine Sulfate

Codeine

All Labeled Uses: Cough, Pain
Unlabeled Uses: Diarrhea

Adult Min/Max Dose: 10.0mg/360.0mg
Pediatric Min/Max Dose: 0.5mg/kg/6.0mg/kg

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Cleocin HCl® (clindamycin hydrochloride)

Cleocin

Brand names: Cleocin Ovules®, Cleocin Pediatric®, Cleocin Phosphate®, Cleocin T®, Cleocin®, Cleocin® Vaginal, Clinda-Derm™, Clindagel™, ClindaMax™, ClindaReach™, Clindesse™, Clindets™, Evoclin™

WARNING

Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with nearly all antibacterial agents, including clindamycin, and may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Therefore, it is important to consider this diagnosis in patients who present with diarrhea subsequent to the administration of antibacterial agents.

Because clindamycin therapy has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section. It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon and may permit overgrowth of clostridia. Studies indicate that a toxin produced by Clostridium difficile is one primary cause of “antibiotic-associated colitis”.

lincosamide antibiotic. It is usually used to treat infections with anaerobic bacteria but can also be used to treat some protozoal diseases, such as malaria. It is a common topical treatment for acne, and can be useful against some methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections.^[1]

CLARITIN (loratadine)

Now available Over-The-Counter (OTC); No prescription needed.

Claritin; drug class: antihistamine, H₁ hista-mine antagonist; action: acts on blood vessels, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system by competing with histamine for H₁-receptor site; decreases allergic response by blocking histamine; uses: seasonal rhinitis, allergy symptoms, idiopathic chronic urticaria.

Brand names: Alavert™ Childrens, Alavert™, Allergy Relief, Claritin®, Claritin® Childrens, Claritin® Hives Relief, Claritin® Reditab®, Clear-Atadine™, Dimetapp® ND Childrens Non-Drowsy Allergy, Equate® Allergy Relief 24 Hour, Tavist® ND, Triaminic® AllerChews™, Wal-itin , Wal-itin™ Aller-Melts™ , Wal-vert™

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CIPRO® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride)

CIPRO®

Brand names: Ciloxan®, Cipro®, Cipro® XR, Ciprofloxacin, ProQuin® XR

CIPROFLOXACIN is a quinolone antibiotic. It can kill bacteria or stop their growth. It is used to treat many kinds of infections, like urinary, respiratory, skin, gastrointestinal, and bone infections. It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.

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CIALIS® (tadalafil)

Cialis®

CIALIS (tadalafil), an oral treatment for erectile dysfunction, is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5)

Potential for Pharmacodynamic Interactions with CIALIS

Nitrates - Administration of CIALIS to patients who are using any form of organic nitrate, is contraindicated, at least 48 hours should elapse after the last dose of CIALIS before nitrate administration is considered. In such circumstances, nitrates should still only be administered under close medical supervision with appropriate hemodynamic monitoring [see CONTRAINDICATIONS, DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].

Alpha Blockers - Caution is advised when PDE5 inhibitors are coadministered with alpha blockers. PDE5 inhibitors, including CIALIS, and alpha-adrenergic blocking agents are both vasodilators with blood-pressure-lowering effects. W.

Antihypertensives - PDE5 inhibitors, including tadalafil, are mild systemic vasodilators.

Alcohol – Both alcohol and tadalafil, a PDE5 inhibitor, act as mild vasodilators.

Potential for Other Drugs to Affect CIALIS

Antacids – Simultaneous administration of an antacid (magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide) and tadalafil reduced the apparent rate of absorption of tadalafil without altering exposure (AUC) to tadalafil.

H₂ Antagonists (e.g. Nizatidine) - An increase in gastric pH resulting from administration of nizatidine had no significant effect on pharmacokinetics.

Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors - CIALIS is a substrate of and predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4. Studies have shown that drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 can increase tadalafil exposure.

CYP3A4 (e.g., Ketoconazole) - Ketoconazole (400 mg daily), a selective and potent inhibitor of CYP3A4

Although specific interactions have not been studied, other CYP3A4 inhibitors, such as erythromycin, itraconazole, and grapefruit juice, would likely increase tadalafil exposure.

HIV Protease inhibitor – Ritonavir (500 mg or 600 mg twice daily at steady state), an inhibitor of CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6

Cytochrome P450 Inducers - Studies have shown that drugs that induce CYP3A4 can decrease tadalafil exposure.

CYP3A4 (e.g., Rifampin) – Rifampin (600 mg daily), a CYP3A4 inducer.

Potential for CIALIS to Affect Other Drugs

Aspirin- Tadalafil did not potentiate the increase in bleeding time caused by aspirin.

Cytochrome P450 Substrates - CIALIS is not expected to cause clinically significant inhibition or induction of the clearance of drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms. Studies have shown that tadalafil does not inhibit or induce P450 isoforms CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP2E1.

CYP1A2 (e.g. Theophylline) - Tadalafil had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline. When tadalafil was administered to subjects taking theophylline, a small augmentation (3 beats per minute) of the increase in heart rate associated with theophylline was observed.

CYP2C9 (e.g. Warfarin) - Tadalafil had no significant effect on exposure (AUC) to S-warfarin or R-warfarin, nor did tadalafil affect changes in prothrombin time induced by warfarin.

CYP3A4 (e.g. Midazolam or Lovastatin) – Tadalafil had no significant effect on exposure (AUC) to midazolam or lovastatin.

P-glycoprotein (e.g. Digoxin) - Coadministration of tadalafil (40 mg once per day) for 10 days did not have a significant effect on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin (0.25 mg/day) in healthy subjects.

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